ʱˣ׼ôˣ 
Ѿ׼ˡ 
ܺãôͿʼɡ 
ǣˡ 


 ħ 

ĦںʯϣŴħŮūĻˣǳá 
ĸףԭĵħʮǰȥμѪսˣûмʱǲģ 
նսģǾҲˡ 
ΪӣײȻӹأƿһеĸо൱ 
ʮǰǸŮ˺ֶӣҲͬĸĵܵܡ 
Ħһֱ׸ΪΰǸŮߣֱǶӵи߹Ѫͳħ裡 
ɱǺóǱĿࡣ 
ԭٹͳˣ 
Ϊħʵ֮ǰһӵиǿ壬ħ 
⣬ֻо˳ŻӵԱ𣬲̬ 
һ뵽ԼԺ󣬾ͿЩȴĵħŮū˷ܵؽ 
һ 

أĦ̷ߵħѯ谮Ůūȥ 
ˣõٻȥ˼ˡ 
ţˣͬġû𣿡 
ǵġ 
ĺܸ˰ˣǶȥɡ 
ǣˡ 

ŮūǰѸٵ£ܿ죬ֻʣһˡ 
ĦͻȻһĲУٻ 
ԭ£ȥ˼һأΪܾٻ 
Ħ׼жϵдϢһ𡪡 
ʹ壡 
ȻʹתΪۣ 
һʹκζħ˵Ǵ󲹵ıǾ޷ֿջ 
Ħͬһ룬Ӱħʧ˼ٻ 


ܷǳĦԾɽСģͺһʱ͹۲ܣûнĺۼ 
Ķħӣܿͱǰ׵ļ̳ȫעȷе˵Ǳ̳ 
ŵŮסˡ 
Ůڰɫɴӳ¸˵ķ飬ʶ˫Ŀȴ˿Ӱ 
 
Ħ˵ҪľɢʥϢѾȷȷʵλʹ 
ת壡 

ȲǰץŮʱһͻȻ 
Ҷ˵ĶɲǺϰ߰~ 
ĦһѭȥŷַĽ仹վࡣһԣᣬ 
һλŮԣľɫݼʹǵħŮѷһܸо 
ǳӯħһѵζ 
࣬㹱׵ʹתķϣֻҪԱߵŮˣҾԭ¸ղŵ񣡡 
ĦƯϴȻĸ߰顣 
ôԴ~̾˾䡣 
ʲôɶ񣡡ħмŭˣ̾˺顣 
ͻȻĦɢҶѷڵϵİ˶ħʯ˹âԼһָͷ 
ˣܵĿռ·ƵĽסжʹþеҲѲ 

ܣûнķ󣡡ŵŭš 
ǺǣԶİħϲҲġ겻ŲæĽ͵ 
΢࣡ſң 
ÿ𣿶ˣûҽܣҽнŵҵӡ 
ϣʲôݣˣҪŵħտĦ 
ݺݵض˵ 
˵󻰰ɣԴĶħҵдɡ 

˵꣬һɷۺɫסĦƤڱڡĦ̷Ļ 
Ѹ׳Űȫ 
ʲôҩȻôҩԸħ࣬Ҳò˵ĺ޴ 
ħЦţϲΪǵܹٷĵֻҪʽ 
ܹǸðԼʬΡ 

ܿ죬ڵͽӽ˶㣬ĻȣʱܵԼı 
ʼˣ 
࣬ǵӵܿҪʧˣһʼ޷ɱңֻҪʽ 
ھ͵ˣǲǺܺڰ 
ǰɱ㣬ұû׼ɱ㰡ɱˣһʼ 
ǰͲֹˡŵƽ˵гıĦее㲻 
Ҳ˲ϱˣעеԼϣʼųԶħ 
ͻȻһľʹϮ˽еı̡ŷ֣ʹŮ 
ʥ⣬ʥ⴫µļ̳ӿ̻ķޣΧ 
衣 
ղŵľʹЩʹʥı̢ĺǣе 
壬ΪԣҪԻܵҵĴ 
~࣬ʲô 
㿴ҲֹʽԶħ欵ħŮҵۡŵ 
״޹˵ 

ɶ~~ʽһαʹĥжϡ 
ܵ͵ħڳαδΪ˱ⱬĦò 
ѡ˴̬ 
ûʥĸţεı˳ˡ 
ԭͼΪƯٱͽģǼܸΪϸƽ̹ز¡Ķǵ 
ȣխĲӯһգβ̣ͦ˫޳⸱ǵ̬԰Ѱ 
 
࣡ȻұƳӣɱ㣡Ħŭ֮ĵô 
һ˫ŭȼľͬıʯ·ȡ˵ꡣ 
ջħŮɱңġ 
Ŷѵ㻹Ϊʲôסң 
ֻû϶ʲô𣿡 
ʲôףĦͷһǰʵϲ֪ʱ͸ˮ֣ 
ܴӺڼ̳ϡ 
֪ܲʲôãһ󲻰ǳǣˡ 
һͻȻǿҵĿд̼ӷϴȫ 
ͬʱֵķڵħٵشزţӦʱʣµѾ 
ƿˡ 

ǺǣȻѾλŮˣôܲأôϲΪƵˮ 
𣿷ģպñħٶȿһ㣬һֱά 
ڲ̬ŵЦ˵ 
㾿ôĦʵȵй¶еĲ 
ô˵Ǳˣ˰㲻Ƿǳ𣬵Ħ 
ӵ£ 
㡢ô֪ҵݣ 
ҵȻ֪ҿǷǳϤİŵı 
㾿˭ 
㲻֪˭ѽˣڵϲģװĻ֣Ӧǻ 
㣡 
㡢壡ĦֵĽеǳĽ̬ò˰ڻ 
 
ϲ㣬ˡŵɳ˿δ̬Ӱ졣 
ܣȷʵˣ 
ǰˣһҶǵεģҲƺ˻С 


磬ˣʧѪҲ֧ԮסȻڵϣ˿޷ 
壬ôˣһŮӽغţᣬĸ 
ǣΪפչһֱάŶʮա 
ôˣװĵܵ~ĦŵĴЦţµĶħΧ 
壡ûзýڶӵǰ档 
ӲСԻ˸ĵͼŮˣ~ 
~һĵħ 
Ů˾ͽˣôС 
ǣˡ 

ҡҷŻ𱬵Ľߵǰ 
Ǿ˺һС 
ȷʵʵ˵һӣɫĹ˫ۡ 
ԭᶨ峺ŭĿãȻ磬ŭһһϨгֳ 
Ե飬Ŀжѱֱͬİһ㡣 
ֻͨ˵޷ֿħȻܿʧ־ 
ӵסʣ𣿡 
Ǵ͵Ӧ 
㰮𣿡 
Ұ㡭 
ԸҵĻ𣿡 
Ը⡭㱵ļ˺޵ֿĴӦš 
ǾΪɱɡ 
塭СҪСǵֳ飬ﲻס 
ţлָ˼ǿҵĸһʱħĿơ 
ķȵü漴Ӧֹ°ͣͷסǽ 
޵ӣ 
ͷɵأ࣬˱Ʒſ 
Ŀ΢΢漴еĹȥճΪʯ 
ۺ΢¶СάŰ뿪״̬֪ɾĿˮڴǡ 
׵Ľκα飬һƬհף·еʶһˣֻһ 
߾ɫǣһȫٿصܡ 
ðɣɱͲɱɣҪӡ 
ǡľȻû 
Щħȥ̷ǣǶʲô㼫ؿ 
Уűȥɣ壬ֱ 
ǡĵӦ¶ҵ΢Ц˵˿Ƶ 
ħм䡣 
ǵĶħ˷ܵغţһӵϣǰɫȹ˲仯ΪƬ˽ 
ͥ֡͡ȡ顭ÿһṩĵطиִľްڳ鶯 
ªħצʹ覵ζ 
ħǵĶԽԽֱħ͸ϴ壬ƻš 

ǵɫĲ԰ףѪӶ΢Ȼ·ûеκʹ 
࣬þȫӭŶħǵ裬ͬһֻ֪ 
ߡգһ˷ܹͷĶħΪ߼׵Ĺµǵ壬 
Ҳȫϵץۣڰգ֫ 
´ţµĲҡΡ 


ڵϣűķȻ˵ҲûУǿҵı 
ͷŭһƬհףĸһĻӳʱо·ʲôˣ 
еڳ޵ʹȼһԾȺħһѪɫĺ 
мһǵʬͶħǶڱըлΪֳֻ̣ʣ 
ĦͿԼһϢ塣 


ģ 
˰ɣš 
Ҫ𣿡ͻȻһö 
ۣķʱͣƵģĦͿά𾪵һ 
ûпǰŮһ㡣 
λŮӵз˵òһλˣаţһλˮƺ 
Ҫ𣿡Ůظһ顣 
˭ʡ 
ǣһˣҵŮŮ˵Ķͷ循ķԼָ 
һ˿ 
ˣҪҽף 
ǵģҪĶ 
ǾȥɣҲˡ 
Ҫʲô 
ܰɱħ𣿡 
У۲Ůҡҡͷ 
ܸҵĸ𣿡 
С 
ܾȻ𣿡 
ҲС 
ûʲôҪˡ 
ǿɲУȼ۽ԭ򡭡ȻҲܾ㣬ת 
Ƕħħ˾ͻع鱾Դ޷תġ 
ûһѪͳҿ԰ࡣ 
𣿣бϣĹʣֻҪܹػлΪĸױ 
ǵģԸ𣿡 
Ը⣡ 
ô׳Ůһָ壬һŻɫͷи֣תֱʣʧ 
١ţһУһѪľ鸡ǰ 
һŲĶħģͦϡе~عǣ㴽̺죬֮ 
߰ɡ 
ǣˡӵε˫Ů˳ӵĻش𵽡 
һ̣˫˫ʧֻ¸ջĶħǣûϢ塣 




ٴʱѾһӤҾ룬ǸŮҲλ 
ɡô˵ˣңڣҵĸƻҲҪʵˣ 
ߣ 
СһֱɱҰɣ֪װĽ㣬ڵʱһֱĽĴѪ 
ͳΪԼѪͳеʣȻҿɲࡣֻǣɷϣѪĶħ 
ǿ󣬶а񣻲ңʱܵһӰ죬еĲʱң 
еʹֱѪƵ 
ǵת˺ҷҴˡûжħǿ󣬿Ȩƣı 
ȻԵõҪƸλŮɫħʦʹת 
ʱ壬ױȵļ֡ŵһѽܽűڻ 
̽˽ȥסһŻķ飬࣬ѩ׵ⲻͣ״ܽű 
ַ˿ؽ 
˼㻹û־ɣҲˡΪŮԣ 
ȻԵһֿ֣ģĿ֡ 
ɶ񣡡ĦֱҪǻ˵زš 
𼤶Ҳ˰ħŮ̫ȷ˵Ϊ 
Ҳŷ֣ˣʹΪƣ߶ħаಢûȻơΪ 
ΪȫԼһ֮䣬ˣҿȫǵڷʳҪа񣬼ʹǸ 
ʥʹҲ԰̳ū 
ôҵɵģҪԥҪɵģĸо 
ΪˣʵӦøлɱңǺҵĻ 
ŵ¶ɫҲˡ 
ǡ㲻Ӧú㾹ȻķʽɱҵĸףɱΨһܸ 
ܵůɱΨһܰ˯ǰõĻ˯ȥˣ 
ҾԲԭ£ 

ߣֻûǡһ뵽ǵӵѪͳȻͬһǱ 
Ҿ͸еġ衣߹ħѪô裡Ħ˵ 
Ŷ߹ħѪ𣿺ܿҪˡŵֲָֻŲæı顣 
ʲô˼ 
ŵûлش𣬴˸ָͼһԸеӰ˽ֻǶЩȻ 

Ħ˶Էӣ 
Ȼλԭ谮ħŮūû˿Ӧվڽŵߣ޵ 
ȫޱ飬˫۴ͣģ·һû־ż 
ƽ˫иһˮ룬һֻǿյģһֻʢѪ 
벻󣬿ɶǿռװŶһѪħųɵѪҺˣп 
ҿɼǵĸȻɣٻʱͼңȻô 
ϲˣҾְͬԼѪŸɣʶǺѵģ 
־־ıĺܶء 
Ȼҿ᲻ô̫˷ˡһʮ֮һѪȻõͬ 
ʧѪĺڣطάסɷ˲ٹء 
ϧǣȻŵʶ˾߻ʬֻòʬˡû뵽 
ħѪҺļΪζջ񡣡 
վƱħʢʾһ£˹Լ¶ı鷿 
׼Ʊ󶯣ӨľҺѩ嶥˵͹ڿлɫĹ켣 
뱭С 
ҪҪ㡣ŵʡ 
Ż𣿡Ħм˵ 
Ҳ㣬ֻѪħġϾ˵ 
ң㲻ܡ޵ħŮʧɫ־ؼš 
ҵȻܣ뿴Ϊĸ߹Ѫɵ͵ħ֮ѪǶôȤ 
顣 
~ҪĦĺš 
Ȼסȫ޷ֻܴܿڣ͸Ϲħ֮ 
ѪԴԴϵ⣬УͬʱħѪҺҲͣ˽ȡ˸߹ħѪ 

úΪľɣʱһŵӵܽű 
Ľ뿪ӣϵķŸħŮȻȴ־ŭ𡭡 



Сʱ󣬵ŵٴվĦǰʱطħѪҺںϺı仯 
ԭǿϢ΢ȥ˼ζٸΪȻ¶ 
ĵķ顣ͦΣΣճǵߣһѩļӨ 
͸ɢ˵㣬ÿһջĹâŵҲ̲ס˼ڿˮ 
Сһȡ 

˵ֵ˵ĺ춹 
Ű~Ħݳһĵǵһ 
ȻҲжˡ 

Ħض޲Ŀ⻯ΪӣϧıϽ٣ӿ 
Եú 
ɱҰɡ 
ôҿɲɱ㡣 
ʲô 
ѪֻǵһѾˣ˼뻹ǲ䰡ҪΪħľ 
 
Σ 
Ǻǣ𼱣ܿͻˣνͻԼֻħˡȻһֱΪ 
Լĸ߹ôΪһֻͼħȥɡȻһ 
ʹõġŵº͵Цš 
ЦĦµĶȵľҲ˵ 

ˣ~جΣ 
һűĺӽŵƮסĦͷ 
ħŮĿʱһɢ¶֮ɫȵĽëգţƵԽԽ죻Ȼ 
ܣסŵħƤԽԽȫϣȫɳڣ 
ͷܣС 

һħһħŵĴġʧȥж 
ľԼֻ͵ȵħ 
ǱģӺͱħͬܵͬ衣УԼ 
ħŹŰͬ 
ǱģԼʹ׳壬ͶǿĶħҲ⵽˾ܾԼһ 
һεرסħĹмضԼȭߡҪ 
ΪǱģǶħ񣬻඼ɱ㣬ǲϵ׷ɱ㡣 
ıŤͷðϸܵ亹޾׷˺ 
ƴӣ֪˶ãûаȫĵط׷ɱƺԶûֹͣľͷħ 
ӰΪޱߵĺڰ綼ܾĴڣͿ־彥ûǡ 

˭ܾȾң˻š 
ŵһֱڹ۲ı飬ʱȶˣǼ˵ 
ǣܾ㡣˶㣬ɱ㣬ֻҽŵߣ㡣 
ŵӰУɢŵĹâŨİɫȥһҪ 
ˮߣץסĵݣе񶼼ǰӰϡ 
㣬Դ㼫ֵĻ䡣ŵһħ壬ħ漴 
Զ鶯ħн˷Ӧڱˮ 
ͬʱ屻ŵŪڳҵƽϲ࣬ÿһζڼ 
ȵĿʧȥǡ 
һŭΰĿп񳱽һлķ飬ĸ߳ǴûĻ 
ڻεӰ·Ŵϳӡ 
ǵģһҶܸ㣬ֻҪΪҵūԼȫ׸ңԸ𣿡 
ҡܵسˡ 
㽫ԶӲ׷ɱˣڰٴӿӰ 
ܣźҪ塣 
Ը⡣Ҳû˿Ŀܡ 
ܺãõİɡ 
ǣңħ*ҹڴģǰ˽ŵΪ 
־Զ̷ 

һبŵӴӹŵеԼǰħŮصϵ 
ۡ 
̵޲˲򿪣һ˫ȻĺͫԵƺŲɴ 
ѣá 
ħĵ£ԭ־еħʶȡ鱻У 
Ҳ޷ѡ 
ˡ˵˳ѱ 
Ժͽ 
ǣˡ 
㻹ǵĦ˭𣿡 
еϤ벻յü 
ˣǾͲҪˣʲôҪȥ룬ֻҪ˼ηȡҾͿˡ 
ǣ~ӦҵļƬˮһ㣬ʧɾһƬհף 
ֻڽŵӰһִӿϵɿϯȫ 
ʧȥ˼ĿеãȻ֮ɫּ˼֣̬˲ݺ 
һ 

ǸͼħǸֻΪū𣿡 
ǣǡԥسϣۺ´޳µ˫໥Ħ 
һ鲪 
Ѿ̲ס𣬹ȻħѪӰȻôǿңôͷ 
ȡҰɡɿ󷨵Ľơ 


ǣˡ 
Ť˵Σ˹ȥŵعǰͷ 
Ŀ˽ŵȲ࣬ ϴĦо˿˿ĿУȴħ 
ĸİڶ壬÷ɫ⻬ĴĦŪšỬ 
˿ڲ࣬ħнĦ󣬽ŵֻоһ˳С 

ħĸо˵ı仯ԳԵЦţϸɵֵָڽŵϵ 
λĦš 
һ˫СֵİŵеһֵĿаԵı 
ɢĸЦһëһԽԽǿҵؿУ 
ĳλҲ֮ӲŽŵ𽥴صĴϢõ˹ĵţ 
Ƿ·һ޾룬ʪ촽š˳Žŵϥϣʱ 
÷ۺͷƤŪһ¡ 

һɻȼŵصڶβһ£һ 
ԴԼĿ¡˳ӵŤŵǰĵԼ 
һۣϹЦݣŵӡԴ˹ȥ 

ŵصһò˵ħѪļ൱ĸ߳ůʪ 
ĿڴŵסʱǿҵĿܵ˾޴ش̼ 
Ĵɿٶ䣬׵ıܽŵ׳ȫУҪ 
ʱ䣬ͬʱָǵƤ̼ܱߵ 
̶ֳȵĴ̼Խŵʻڶ̶һӺ˳ħŵЦţ 
еҺȫ˽ȥȻ̧ԼˣǿҰȻ 

ŵһѽӵղŵøӵǿңħվ§ 
˵Ĳϣ޳Ĳһ˼飬ΣԲĴ 
ȣСָ˳塣 
ŵ沿ԼǰŤһβ漴ŵڣ֮ 
ůʪ޴ĽոУħһ˫޳ĳ̼ͬǿ 
ϣ˫ܵĽһ 

ʾõɣֻͬһõнŤԼϸ 
֫·һ趯Ůߣٿ粨˰Ťٿĥ̰תĿз 
ǿȻ֮żʺǿҵİʾ 

ŵͺһ߽ŵĳڵϣҰɶŵѹ 
£ݺݵĳ֮ıħӷ˶ǵ弤ҵӭ 
ϡųħ˫ȻķܿͱĿҰң 
ָԿĳͬž޴ĿУױȵĴ̼岻 
ĿʼʱţĿħ˫𽥷ף촽 
ţȴ޷ 

Ȼħ벻Ͻýŵ˸ǿҵԽ 
Խͣ·󺣿Σһ˸߹һˣھҶ˺һ֮͵ĳ鴤 
һ£ȫٿĽסˣŵ˿ûһϧ˼跢 
ײѹյһݣħʱĿɿڴ﷢ʵ 
ͺһˮ㣬Һڽ¡ 

ţҵľ͡⻬ԵСһһģʮ 
룬ٿͬȥ˼׵һ̯һࡣŵĿڴ 
ʱҲ۵˶㣬˶ʮΡƺһץסħԼؾ 
ҺһԶкԷڡ 

ѹϵ˺ɿħŮūطڵϣ 
̱ţߵԵþĶǵ岻ʱ΢΢һ£ҵĴϢţһ 
˫źſߣƺδӸ߳ѹǶ˵ľ 
κ˵ 

ŵȻЩãȻ 
ĸ׵Ķħͱɱˣ 
ȻĿƳװƵĻߣ 
߰ԴĦȥϣΪתлıū 
ص˶õӦе³ 
ǵĳѾˡ 
һֱĿɺһָ߳ĿȻ 
վǶһ 

ˣû°ɣһ˫ס֣ŵתͷͼһŽ 
ŵģǳȫǹͰ 
û£ֻһʱ֪Ҫʲôеѡ 
˻ǡ 
ǰһǣõţԺҪʲôˣҿ 
ܣɰŵ˾ 
ܽŽ㣬֪ʶĸ塢ء 
ϣܽʲôУΪĸ׵ 
һģҶĸ׿ɲôЦסܽǰ͹ 
𣬸ŵϴš 
Ѿ̵ޱеŮʦִܾ̼ܿ鶯ͣһ 
޹ǵ˵Ŀв٣ĵĵ¶ 
ţʹܽŰɡˣŨŨĴ⡣ 
ҾͲˡŵһĨһɫĳۺ谭˳ϸ 
ļڵϣܽѩƽڵϣḲȥ 

ܿ죬ͻصصĴϢƳתĽ䡭